See mēle on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ltg",
"name": "Mouth",
"orig": "ltg:Mouth",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"mēle",
"mēle#Latvian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "mēle"
},
"expansion": "Latvian mēle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognates include Latvian mēle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mēleite",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "5 noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļuos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "mēleite",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "mēle f (diminutive mēleite)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "mēleite"
},
"expansion": "mēle f (diminutive mēleite)",
"name": "ltg-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"mēle"
]
}
],
"lang": "Latgalian",
"lang_code": "ltg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ltg",
"name": "Muscles",
"orig": "ltg:Muscles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue"
],
"id": "en-mēle-ltg-noun-snFSEtk5",
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latgalian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latgalian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latgalian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 34 3 4 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ltg",
"name": "Muscles",
"orig": "ltg:Muscles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"id": "en-mēle-ltg-noun-pO8wS6Qq",
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmʲæ̀ːlʲæ]"
}
],
"word": "mēle"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*mel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/mel-"
],
[
"*melh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/melh₂-"
],
[
"malt",
"malt#Latvian"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
],
[
"meli",
"meli#Latvian"
],
[
"melekė̃lis",
"melekėlis#Lithuanian"
],
[
"ме́ля",
"меля#Russian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit, to push, to crush, to grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to hit, to push, to crush, to grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "malt",
"3": "",
"4": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "Latvian malt (“to grind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "melekė̃lis",
"3": "",
"4": "uvula"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian melekė̃lis (“uvula”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *mel-, from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to hit, to push, to crush, to grind”) (whence also Latvian malt (“to grind”), q.v.; see also meli (“lies”)). The original meaning was apparently “(organ) used for pushing, grinding (food, in the mouth)”. Cognates include Lithuanian melekė̃lis (“uvula”), Russian dialectal ме́ля (mélja, “chatterbox, chatty person”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "or",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "5th declension",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "mēle f (5th declension)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "5th"
},
"expansion": "mēle f (5th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mē",
"2": "e",
"3": "5th",
"4": "",
"5": "l",
"6": "ļ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mē",
"2": "e",
"4": "",
"5": "l",
"6": "ļ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mēle",
"10": "mēlēm",
"11": "mēlē",
"12": "mēlēs",
"13": "mēle",
"14": "mēles",
"2": "mēles",
"3": "mēli",
"4": "mēles",
"5": "mēles",
"6": "mēļu",
"7": "mēlei",
"8": "mēlēm",
"9": "mēli",
"type": "5th",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "lv:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 34 3 4 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 42 2 2 7 2 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 10 15 12 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "tongue body, muscles",
"text": "mēles ķermenis, muskuļi",
"translation": "tongue body, muscles",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"english": "the end(ing) of the tongue",
"text": "mēles galotne",
"translation": "the end(ing) of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "the tip of the tongue",
"text": "mēles galiņš",
"translation": "the tip of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"english": "the root of the tongue",
"text": "mēles sakne",
"translation": "the root of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"english": "the back of the tongue",
"text": "mēles muguriņa",
"translation": "the back of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
31
]
],
"english": "to show, stick out one's tongue",
"text": "rādīt mēli",
"translation": "to show, stick out one's tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
27,
33
]
],
"english": "the cat laps milk with his tongue",
"text": "kaķis lok pienu ar mēli",
"translation": "the cat laps milk with his tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"english": "to lick with (one's) tongue",
"text": "laizīt ar mēli",
"translation": "to lick with (one's) tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "(his) tongue stiffened, he can't speak",
"text": "mēli kļuvusi stīva, nevar parunā",
"translation": "(his) tongue stiffened, he can't speak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
89
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
103,
110
]
],
"english": "both of them had dry mouths, and they stopped the conversation in order to save some saliva on (their) tongues",
"text": "abiem mutes bija sausas, un viņi pārtrauca sarunas, lai mazliet sakrātu siekalas uz mēles",
"translation": "both of them had dry mouths, and they stopped the conversation in order to save some saliva on (their) tongues",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
80
]
],
"english": "the Latvian language distinguishes front vowels with high, medium and low tongue height",
"text": "latviešu valodā izšķir augsta, vidēja un zema mēles pacēluma priekšējās rindas patskaņus",
"translation": "the Latvian language distinguishes front vowels with high, medium and low tongue height",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (muscular mouth organ used for moving food around in the mouth, for tasting, and as one of the organs of speaking)"
],
"id": "en-mēle-lv-noun-IJchV1pN",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"muscular",
"muscular#English"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth#English"
],
[
"organ",
"organ#English"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"moving",
"move#English"
],
[
"food",
"food#English"
],
[
"around",
"around#English"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth#English"
],
[
"tasting",
"taste#English"
],
[
"organ",
"organ#English"
],
[
"speak",
"speak#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) tongue (muscular mouth organ used for moving food around in the mouth, for tasting, and as one of the organs of speaking)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "sharp tongue",
"text": "asa mēle",
"translation": "sharp tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
8
],
[
31,
37
]
],
"english": "a tongue like nettles (= sharp tongue)",
"text": "mēle kā nātre",
"translation": "a tongue like nettles (= sharp tongue)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"english": "evil tongue",
"text": "ļauna mēle",
"translation": "evil tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "agile tongue",
"text": "veikla mēle",
"translation": "agile tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "sweet tongue",
"text": "salda mēle",
"translation": "sweet tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "friendly, kind tongue",
"text": "mīlīga mēle",
"translation": "friendly, kind tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (way, style, attitude of speaking)"
],
"id": "en-mēle-lv-noun-LEm8LhY9",
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"way",
"way#English"
],
[
"style",
"style#English"
],
[
"attitude",
"attitude#English"
],
[
"speak",
"speak#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tongue (way, style, attitude of speaking)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 10 15 12 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "tongue sausage",
"text": "mēles desa",
"translation": "tongue sausage",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"english": "stewed tongue",
"text": "sautēta mēle",
"translation": "stewed tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (the animal's body part, seen as food)"
],
"id": "en-mēle-lv-noun-LnFwKbGA",
"links": [
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
],
[
"body",
"body#English"
],
[
"part",
"part#English"
],
[
"see",
"see#English"
],
[
"food",
"food#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of animals) tongue (the animal's body part, seen as food)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animals"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 16 34 3 4 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 3 3 39 3 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 10 15 12 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "Latvian tongue",
"text": "latviešu mēle",
"translation": "Latvian tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "German, French tongue",
"text": "vācu, franču mēle",
"translation": "German, French tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "foreign tongue",
"text": "sveša mēle",
"translation": "foreign tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue, language"
],
"id": "en-mēle-lv-noun-Rop~~rzf",
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated sense) tongue, language"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 10 15 12 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
28
],
[
35,
41
]
],
"english": "to get a potential informant (lit. tongue)",
"text": "saņemt mēli",
"translation": "to get a potential informant (lit. tongue)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"potential informant, source (prisoner who can talk, who has valuable information about the enemy)"
],
"id": "en-mēle-lv-noun-N6P2q8cO",
"links": [
[
"potential",
"potential"
],
[
"informant",
"informant"
],
[
"source",
"source"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner#English"
],
[
"talk",
"talk#English"
],
[
"has",
"have#English"
],
[
"valuable",
"valuable#English"
],
[
"information",
"information#English"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) potential informant, source (prisoner who can talk, who has valuable information about the enemy)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 16 34 3 4 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 42 2 2 7 2 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 10 15 12 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
8
]
],
"english": "a tongue flame, fire",
"text": "liesmu, uguns mēles",
"translation": "a tongue flame, fire",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"english": "a stripe, streak (lit. tongue) of land",
"text": "zemes mēle",
"translation": "a stripe, streak (lit. tongue) of land",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
18,
25
]
],
"english": "the bell's copper clapper was silent",
"text": "zvana vara mēle klusēja",
"translation": "the bell's copper clapper was silent",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (an object or phenomenon with a flat, elongated shape)"
],
"id": "en-mēle-lv-noun-sGIsxRFT",
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"phenomenon",
"phenomenon#English"
],
[
"flat",
"flat#English"
],
[
"elongate",
"elongate#English"
],
[
"shape",
"shape#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tongue (an object or phenomenon with a flat, elongated shape)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɛ̀ːlɛ]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-mēle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/Lv-riga-m%C4%93le.ogg/Lv-riga-m%C4%93le.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Lv-riga-m%C4%93le.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:"
],
"word": "mēle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latgalian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latgalian feminine nouns",
"Latgalian lemmas",
"Latgalian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latgalian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Latgalian nouns",
"Latgalian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ltg:Mouth",
"ltg:Muscles"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"mēle",
"mēle#Latvian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "mēle"
},
"expansion": "Latvian mēle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognates include Latvian mēle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mēleite",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "5 noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļuos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "mēleite",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "mēle f (diminutive mēleite)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "mēleite"
},
"expansion": "mēle f (diminutive mēleite)",
"name": "ltg-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"mēle"
]
}
],
"lang": "Latgalian",
"lang_code": "ltg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tongue"
],
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmʲæ̀ːlʲæ]"
}
],
"word": "mēle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fifth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian noun forms",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian words with falling intonation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*mel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/mel-"
],
[
"*melh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/melh₂-"
],
[
"malt",
"malt#Latvian"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
],
[
"meli",
"meli#Latvian"
],
[
"melekė̃lis",
"melekėlis#Lithuanian"
],
[
"ме́ля",
"меля#Russian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit, to push, to crush, to grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to hit, to push, to crush, to grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "malt",
"3": "",
"4": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "Latvian malt (“to grind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "melekė̃lis",
"3": "",
"4": "uvula"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian melekė̃lis (“uvula”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *mel-, from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to hit, to push, to crush, to grind”) (whence also Latvian malt (“to grind”), q.v.; see also meli (“lies”)). The original meaning was apparently “(organ) used for pushing, grinding (food, in the mouth)”. Cognates include Lithuanian melekė̃lis (“uvula”), Russian dialectal ме́ля (mélja, “chatterbox, chatty person”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mēle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mēles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "or",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "5th declension",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "mēle f (5th declension)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "5th"
},
"expansion": "mēle f (5th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mē",
"2": "e",
"3": "5th",
"4": "",
"5": "l",
"6": "ļ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mē",
"2": "e",
"4": "",
"5": "l",
"6": "ļ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mēle",
"10": "mēlēm",
"11": "mēlē",
"12": "mēlēs",
"13": "mēle",
"14": "mēles",
"2": "mēles",
"3": "mēli",
"4": "mēles",
"5": "mēles",
"6": "mēļu",
"7": "mēlei",
"8": "mēlēm",
"9": "mēli",
"type": "5th",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"lv:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "tongue body, muscles",
"text": "mēles ķermenis, muskuļi",
"translation": "tongue body, muscles",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"english": "the end(ing) of the tongue",
"text": "mēles galotne",
"translation": "the end(ing) of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "the tip of the tongue",
"text": "mēles galiņš",
"translation": "the tip of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"english": "the root of the tongue",
"text": "mēles sakne",
"translation": "the root of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"english": "the back of the tongue",
"text": "mēles muguriņa",
"translation": "the back of the tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
31
]
],
"english": "to show, stick out one's tongue",
"text": "rādīt mēli",
"translation": "to show, stick out one's tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
27,
33
]
],
"english": "the cat laps milk with his tongue",
"text": "kaķis lok pienu ar mēli",
"translation": "the cat laps milk with his tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"english": "to lick with (one's) tongue",
"text": "laizīt ar mēli",
"translation": "to lick with (one's) tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "(his) tongue stiffened, he can't speak",
"text": "mēli kļuvusi stīva, nevar parunā",
"translation": "(his) tongue stiffened, he can't speak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
89
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
103,
110
]
],
"english": "both of them had dry mouths, and they stopped the conversation in order to save some saliva on (their) tongues",
"text": "abiem mutes bija sausas, un viņi pārtrauca sarunas, lai mazliet sakrātu siekalas uz mēles",
"translation": "both of them had dry mouths, and they stopped the conversation in order to save some saliva on (their) tongues",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
80
]
],
"english": "the Latvian language distinguishes front vowels with high, medium and low tongue height",
"text": "latviešu valodā izšķir augsta, vidēja un zema mēles pacēluma priekšējās rindas patskaņus",
"translation": "the Latvian language distinguishes front vowels with high, medium and low tongue height",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (muscular mouth organ used for moving food around in the mouth, for tasting, and as one of the organs of speaking)"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"muscular",
"muscular#English"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth#English"
],
[
"organ",
"organ#English"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"moving",
"move#English"
],
[
"food",
"food#English"
],
[
"around",
"around#English"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth#English"
],
[
"tasting",
"taste#English"
],
[
"organ",
"organ#English"
],
[
"speak",
"speak#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) tongue (muscular mouth organ used for moving food around in the mouth, for tasting, and as one of the organs of speaking)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "sharp tongue",
"text": "asa mēle",
"translation": "sharp tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
8
],
[
31,
37
]
],
"english": "a tongue like nettles (= sharp tongue)",
"text": "mēle kā nātre",
"translation": "a tongue like nettles (= sharp tongue)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"english": "evil tongue",
"text": "ļauna mēle",
"translation": "evil tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "agile tongue",
"text": "veikla mēle",
"translation": "agile tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "sweet tongue",
"text": "salda mēle",
"translation": "sweet tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "friendly, kind tongue",
"text": "mīlīga mēle",
"translation": "friendly, kind tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (way, style, attitude of speaking)"
],
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"way",
"way#English"
],
[
"style",
"style#English"
],
[
"attitude",
"attitude#English"
],
[
"speak",
"speak#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tongue (way, style, attitude of speaking)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "tongue sausage",
"text": "mēles desa",
"translation": "tongue sausage",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"english": "stewed tongue",
"text": "sautēta mēle",
"translation": "stewed tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (the animal's body part, seen as food)"
],
"links": [
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
],
[
"body",
"body#English"
],
[
"part",
"part#English"
],
[
"see",
"see#English"
],
[
"food",
"food#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of animals) tongue (the animal's body part, seen as food)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animals"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with dated senses",
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "Latvian tongue",
"text": "latviešu mēle",
"translation": "Latvian tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"english": "German, French tongue",
"text": "vācu, franču mēle",
"translation": "German, French tongue",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "foreign tongue",
"text": "sveša mēle",
"translation": "foreign tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue, language"
],
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated sense) tongue, language"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
28
],
[
35,
41
]
],
"english": "to get a potential informant (lit. tongue)",
"text": "saņemt mēli",
"translation": "to get a potential informant (lit. tongue)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"potential informant, source (prisoner who can talk, who has valuable information about the enemy)"
],
"links": [
[
"potential",
"potential"
],
[
"informant",
"informant"
],
[
"source",
"source"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner#English"
],
[
"talk",
"talk#English"
],
[
"has",
"have#English"
],
[
"valuable",
"valuable#English"
],
[
"information",
"information#English"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) potential informant, source (prisoner who can talk, who has valuable information about the enemy)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
8
]
],
"english": "a tongue flame, fire",
"text": "liesmu, uguns mēles",
"translation": "a tongue flame, fire",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"english": "a stripe, streak (lit. tongue) of land",
"text": "zemes mēle",
"translation": "a stripe, streak (lit. tongue) of land",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
18,
25
]
],
"english": "the bell's copper clapper was silent",
"text": "zvana vara mēle klusēja",
"translation": "the bell's copper clapper was silent",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue (an object or phenomenon with a flat, elongated shape)"
],
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"phenomenon",
"phenomenon#English"
],
[
"flat",
"flat#English"
],
[
"elongate",
"elongate#English"
],
[
"shape",
"shape#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tongue (an object or phenomenon with a flat, elongated shape)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɛ̀ːlɛ]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-mēle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/Lv-riga-m%C4%93le.ogg/Lv-riga-m%C4%93le.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Lv-riga-m%C4%93le.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:"
],
"word": "mēle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mēle meaning in All languages combined (16.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.